Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions | Class 12 Home Science Notes
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read
Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions from Class 12 Home Science, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.
Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Household and Commercial Settings
Fabric care at the household level typically involves laundering apparel and small household articles, often done manually or with basic washing machines. Larger household linen and special items are usually sent to commercial laundries. Some households hire professional launderers (dhobis) who collect fabric articles, wash, iron, and return them. These professionals often work from dhobighats—designated washing areas in towns and cities. Commercial laundries have evolved from individual workers to organized shops serving both individuals and institutions like hostels, small hotels, and nursing homes. Commercial laundries are divided into sections for washing, water extraction, drying, pressing, ironing, and special treatments like dry-cleaning, dyeing, and stain removal. They use larger capacity machines (handling 100 kg or more per load) and maintain records of articles received and delivered, ensuring organized and efficient fabric care.
📊 Diagram: No diagrams in this section.
🧪 Activity: Activity 2: List fabric articles at home and categorize maintenance done at home, commercial laundry, or by professionals.
🔗 Connection: Introduces the next section on Institutions which have in-house laundry departments.
Frequently asked questions
1. What are the two aspects of care and maintenance of fabrics?
The two aspects of care and maintenance of fabrics are: 1. Cleaning: Removing dirt, stains, and impurities from the fabric to maintain its appearance and hygiene. 2. Storage and Handling: Proper storage and handling to prevent damage such as fading, tearing, or deterioration of the fabric.
2. What are the factors which affect the process of cleaning of fabrics?
The factors affecting the process of cleaning of fabrics include: 1. Type of fabric: Different fabrics require different cleaning methods. 2. Type of stain or soil: The nature of the stain (oil-based, water-based, protein-based) determines the cleaning agent and method. 3. Age of the stain: Fresh stains are easier to remove than old stains. 4. Water quality and temperature: Hardness and temperature of water affect cleaning efficiency. 5. Detergent or cleaning agent used: The chemical composition
3. How are the different sections organised in a commercial or institutional laundry?
In a commercial or institutional laundry, the work is organised into different sections to ensure efficient processing. These sections typically include:
1. Sorting Section: Clothes are sorted according to type, colour, and degree of soiling. 2. Pre-treatment Section: Stains are identified and treated before washing. 3. Washing Section: Clothes are washed using appropriate machines and detergents. 4. Drying Section: Clothes are dried using dryers or air drying methods. 5. Ironing and Finishing
4. What are the differences in processing laundry work in commercial laundries and hospital laundries?
Differences between commercial laundries and hospital laundries include:
1. Nature of Laundry:
- Commercial laundries handle everyday clothes and household linen.
- Hospital laundries deal with medical textiles requiring strict hygiene.
2. Cleaning Standards:
- Commercial laundries focus on appearance and general cleanliness.
- Hospital laundries require sterilisation and disinfection to prevent infections.
3. Processing Methods:
- Commercial laundries use standard washing and finishing metho
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