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Movement’s Role Nani Palkhivala

🎓 Class 11📖 Hornbill📖 10 notes🧠 15 Q&A⏱️ ~15 min

Movement’s Role Nani PalkhivalaStudy Notes

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Introduction to the Green Movement

Explanation

Introduction to the Green Movement

The Green Movement, which began nearly twenty-five years ago, is one of the most significant global movements that has captured the imagination of humanity. It started with the foundation of the world's first nationwide Green party in New Zealand in 1972. This movement marked a revolutionary shift in human perception from a mechanistic view of the world to a holistic and ecological view. This change is as profound as the Copernican revolution of the sixteenth century, which taught that the earth revolves around the sun. For the first time, there is a growing global consciousness that the earth is a living organism with its own metabolic needs and vital processes that must be respected and preserved. The Green Movement emphasizes the ethical responsibility of humans to act as good stewards and trustees of the planet for future generations. This movement has brought to light the urgent need to protect the environment and adopt sustainable practices that ensure the health of the planet is maintained.

  • The Green Movement began in 1972 with New Zealand's Green party.
  • It represents a shift from mechanistic to holistic ecological thinking.
  • Earth is viewed as a living organism with vital processes.
  • Humans have ethical obligations to protect the planet.
  • The movement stresses responsibility towards future generations.
  • 📌 Green Movement: A global environmental movement advocating ecological preservation and sustainable development.
  • 📌 Holistic view: Seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than isolated parts.
  • 📌 Ecological view: Understanding the interdependence of living organisms and their environment.

The Concept of Sustainable Development

Explanation

The Concept of Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is a key concept popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. It is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This means that economic and social progress should not come at the expense of depleting natural resources or damaging the environment. The idea stresses the importance of balancing human development with the preservation of the earth's ecosystems. The earth's resources are finite, and overexploitation can lead to catastrophic depletion, threatening the survival of many species and the health of the planet. The Green Movement advocates for sustainable development as a way to ensure that the earth's vital signs improve rather than deteriorate. This approach calls for a partnership between humans and nature rather than domination, recognizing that humans are part of the earth's living organism.

  • Sustainable development meets present needs without harming future generations.
  • Popularised by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987.
  • Emphasizes balance between development and environmental preservation.
  • Warns against catastrophic depletion of natural resources.
  • Calls for partnership with nature rather than domination.
  • 📌 Sustainable development: Development that satisfies current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.
  • 📌 Catastrophic depletion: Severe reduction of natural resources leading to environmental crisis.

The Earth’s Biological Systems and Their Depletion

Explanation

The Earth’s Biological Systems and Their Depletion

The earth's principal biological systems include fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands. These systems are the foundation of the global economy as they provide food and raw materials for industries, except for minerals and petroleum-derived sy

Practice QuestionsMovement’s Role Nani Palkhivala

15 practice questions with detailed answers

Q1.Which country founded the world's first nationwide Green party in 1972, marking the beginning of the Green Movement?
A.A) Australia
B.B) New Zealand
C.C) Canada
D.D) United Kingdom

Answer:

New Zealand

Explanation:

The world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand in 1972, marking the start of the Green Movement which rapidly gained global attention.

Easy
Q2.What does the phrase 'a holistic and ecological view' imply in the context of the Green Movement?

Answer:

A holistic and ecological view is an approach that sees the world as an integrated whole where all living and non-living components are interconnected. For example, the Green Movement promotes understanding the earth as a living organism with vital processes that must be preserved.

Explanation:

A holistic and ecological view means perceiving the environment as a complex, interconnected system rather than isolated parts. This view encourages sustainable interaction with nature, respecting its metabolic needs and vital functions.

Medium
Q3.Define 'sustainable development' as per the World Commission on Environment and Development's 1987 report.

Answer:

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. For example, it encourages using natural resources responsibly to ensure they are available for future use.

Explanation:

The concept emphasizes balancing human progress with environmental preservation so that resources are not depleted or damaged for future generations. It is a key principle advocated by the Green Movement.

Easy
Q4.Which of the following best describes the metaphor used in the Lusaka Zoo cage notice 'The world's most dangerous animal'?
A.A) The lion as the king of the jungle
B.B) Humans as the most dangerous species due to environmental harm
C.C) The tiger as an endangered predator
D.D) The crocodile as a dangerous reptile

Answer:

Humans as the most dangerous species due to environmental harm

Explanation:

The cage contains a mirror instead of an animal, symbolizing that humans are the most dangerous species because of their destructive impact on the environment.

Medium
Q5.Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species. Estimates suggest that the number of uncatalogued species is approximately:
A.A) 3 to 100 million
B.B) 1 to 2 million
C.C) 500,000 to 1 million
D.D) 10 to 20 million

Answer:

3 to 100 million

Explanation:

Biologists estimate that between 3 million to 100 million species remain unnamed, languishing in 'ignominious darkness,' highlighting the vast unknown biodiversity.

Medium
Q6.What are the four principal biological systems of the earth that form the foundation of the global economic system?
A.A) Fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands
B.B) Oceans, mountains, deserts, and rivers
C.C) Minerals, petroleum, forests, and wetlands
D.D) Grasslands, deserts, tundra, and wetlands

Answer:

Fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands

Explanation:

These four biological systems provide food and raw materials for industries, except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics, and are crucial for the global economy.

Easy
Q7.Explain how overfishing affects the earth's biological systems and provide an example mentioned in the text.

Answer:

Overfishing leads to the collapse of fisheries, reducing the availability of aquatic food resources. For example, in a protein-hungry world, overfishing is common every day, threatening the sustainability of fish populations.

Explanation:

Excessive fishing beyond sustainable limits impairs the productivity of fisheries, leading to ecological imbalance and food insecurity.

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Q8.Why is the tropical forest described as the 'powerhouse of evolution' and what consequence does its destruction have?

Answer:

The tropical forest is called the 'powerhouse of evolution' because it is rich in biodiversity and a source of many species. Its destruction leads to extinction of several species, threatening ecological balance.

Explanation:

Tropical forests support diverse life forms and evolutionary processes; deforestation disrupts habitats and causes loss of species.

Medium