Chapter 2

समष्टि अर्थशास्त्र

Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that deals with the study of the economy as a whole. It examines aggregate indicators such as national income, total employment, aggregate demand and supply, inflation, and economic growth. Macroeconomics helps in understanding the overall functioning of an economy and the interrelations between various sectors. It is essential for policymakers, administrators, planners, banks, and insurance organizations to analyze time-based data on national income, production, employment, and inflation to manage the economy efficiently. Through the analysis of the structure of aggregate national income, macroeconomics provides sector-wise knowledge of the economy, helping to identify which sectors are developing, lagging, or experiencing rapid growth. The welfare of nations, as studied by economists, is closely linked to the nature and size of national income. Macroeconomic statistics provide insights into economic welfare and sustainable development, including the introduction of new methods like green accounting for measuring national income.

• Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole.
• It analyzes aggregate indicators like national income, employment, and inflation.
• Sector-wise analysis helps identify developing and lagging sectors.
• National income statistics are crucial for understanding economic welfare.
• Green accounting is an emerging method for measuring national income with environmental considerations.
• 📌 Macroeconomics: The study of aggregate economic indicators and the functioning of the economy as a whole.
• 📌 National Income: The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a given period.
• 📌 Green Accounting: An accounting method that incorporates environmental factors into national income calculations.

पाठ्यक्रम अभिकल्प समिति

This section lists the academic and editorial committee responsible for the design, coordination, and writing of the course material. It includes the names and positions of professors, coordinators, editors, and authors from various universities and colleges. The committee ensures the accuracy, relevance, and quality of the content provided in the textbook.

• Course design committee includes professors and coordinators from various institutions.
• Editors and authors are responsible for content accuracy and quality.
• The section provides transparency about the contributors to the textbook.
• 📌 Course Design Committee: Group responsible for planning and overseeing the curriculum.
• 📌 Editor: Person who reviews and refines the content for publication.
• 📌 Author: Person who writes the content for the textbook.