Light: Shadows and | Class 7 Science Notes
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read
Light: Shadows and – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of Light: Shadows and from Class 7 Science, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.
11.6 Images Formed in a Plane Mirror
This section explores the characteristics of images formed by plane mirrors through observation and experimentation. When you look into a plane mirror, you see a reflection of your face and other objects in front of it. Activity 11.7 involves placing a pen in front of a plane mirror and observing its image. The image appears as if a similar pen is located behind the mirror. Moving the pen to different positions shows that the image size remains the same as the object and the image is always erect (upright). The image formed by a plane mirror cannot be projected onto a screen, indicating it is a virtual image. Activity 11.8 has students observe their own image at various distances from the mirror, noting that the image appears to be the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front. The section introduces the concept of lateral inversion, where the left and right sides appear reversed in the mirror image. This explains why words like 'AMBULANCE' are written in reverse on emergency vehicles to appear correct in rear-view mirrors. The section also shares fascinating facts about the history of mirrors, including traditional metal mirrors like Aranmula Kannadi from Kerala. The understanding of plane mirror images is fundamental to optics and daily life applications.
📊 Diagram: Fig. 11.10 shows the image of a pen in a plane mirror. Fig. 11.11 depicts a person observing their own image in a mirror at different distances. Images also illustrate lateral inversion and the reversed ambulance writing.
🧪 Activity: Activity 11.7: Observing images of a pen in a plane mirror at different positions. Activity 11.8: Observing one's own image at various distances and noting lateral inversion.
🔗 Connection: Leads to the next section 'Pinhole Camera' by contrasting image formation by mirrors with other optical devices.
Frequently asked questions
Which of the following are luminous objects? - Mars, Moon, Pole Star, Sun, Venus, Mirror
Luminous objects are those that emit their own light. Among the given objects, the Sun is a luminous object because it emits its own light. Mars, Moon, Pole Star, Venus, and Mirror do not emit their own light; they reflect light from other sources.
Match the items in Column A with those in Column B. Column A | Column B Pinhole camera | Blocks light completely Opaque object | The dark region formed behind the object Transparent object | Forms an inverted image Shadow | Light passes almost completely through it
Correct matching is:
- Pinhole camera: Forms an inverted image
- Opaque object: Blocks light completely
- Transparent object: Light passes almost completely through it
- Shadow: The dark region formed behind the object
Sahil, Rekha, Patrick, and Qasima are trying to observe the candle flame through the pipe as shown in Fig. 11.16. Who can see the flame?
Only the person who is looking directly along the line of sight through the pipe can see the candle flame. The pipe restricts the light rays to travel straight, so only the observer aligned with the pipe can see the flame.
Look at the images shown in Fig. 11.17 and select the correct image showing the shadow formation of the boy.
The correct image showing the shadow formation of the boy is option (b). This image correctly represents the shadow formed behind the boy when light is blocked by him.
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