What is Tissues Class 9: Definition and Types Explained
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 19 June 2026 · 4 min read
What is tissues class 9? Tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to perform specific functions in plants and animals. This chapter from the NCERT Class 9 Science syllabus explains the types, structure, and functions of tissues essential for your exams.
Definition of Tissues in Class 9 Science
In Class 9 Science, tissues are defined as a group of cells similar in structure and function that work together to perform a specific activity. Cells are the basic units of life, but they rarely work alone. Instead, they form tissues that help organisms grow, repair, and carry out vital processes. Understanding tissues is fundamental to biology and is part of the NCERT syllabus for Class 9.
Types of Plant Tissues: Meristematic and Permanent
Plant tissues are broadly divided into two types:
- Meristematic Tissues: These tissues contain actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth. They are found at the tips of roots, stems, and branches.
- Permanent Tissues: These develop from meristematic tissues and lose the ability to divide. They perform specific functions like support, transport, and photosynthesis.
Permanent tissues are further classified into:
- Simple Permanent Tissues: Made of one type of cell (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma).
- Complex Permanent Tissues: Made of different types of cells working together (xylem and phloem).
Comparison Table: Meristematic vs Permanent Tissues
| Feature | Meristematic Tissue | Permanent Tissue |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Division | Active | Usually inactive |
| Cell Wall | Thin, primary | Thick (in sclerenchyma) |
| Function | Growth | Support, transport, storage |
| Location | Root and shoot tips | Throughout the plant |
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Structure and Functions of Xylem and Phloem
Xylem and phloem are complex permanent tissues responsible for transport in plants.
- Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves. It consists of vessels, tracheids, xylem fibres, and xylem parenchyma. Xylem vessels are hollow tubes that allow water to flow easily.
- Phloem: Transports food (mainly sugars) from leaves to other parts of the plant. It consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, and phloem parenchyma.
Worked Example: If a plant’s xylem is damaged, water transport is affected leading to wilting. Similarly, damage to phloem disrupts food transport causing stunted growth.
Both tissues work together to maintain plant health and growth.
Animal Tissues: Four Main Types and Their Roles
Animal tissues are classified into four major types:
1. Epithelial Tissue: Covers body surfaces and lines cavities. It protects and absorbs substances. 2. Connective Tissue: Supports and binds other tissues. Examples include bone, cartilage, blood, and adipose tissue. 3. Muscular Tissue: Responsible for movement. There are three types - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. 4. Nervous Tissue: Transmits signals and controls body functions.
Each tissue type has specialized cells suited for its function, making the animal body efficient and adaptable.
Differences Between Plant and Animal Tissues
Understanding the differences between plant and animal tissues helps clarify their unique roles.
| Feature | Plant Tissues | Animal Tissues |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Wall | Present (cellulose) | Absent |
| Types | Meristematic and permanent | Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous |
| Function | Growth, support, transport | Protection, support, movement, control |
| Movement | Generally fixed; movement in parts only | Active movement through muscles |
| Storage | Parenchyma stores food and water | Adipose stores fat |
Importance of Studying Tissues in Class 9 NCERT Science
The chapter on tissues is vital for Class 9 NCERT Science because:
- It builds foundational knowledge for higher classes.
- Helps understand how plants and animals grow and function.
- Prepares students for board exams with clear concepts.
- Relates to real-life applications like plant breeding and medical science.
By mastering this chapter, students can confidently answer questions related to structure, function, and types of tissues.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main function of meristematic tissue?
Meristematic tissue helps in the growth of plants by producing new cells through active division.
How do xylem and phloem differ in their functions?
Xylem transports water and minerals upward; phloem transports food from leaves to other parts.
Which animal tissue helps in movement?
Muscular tissue enables movement in animals by contracting and relaxing.
Why are plant cells different from animal cells in tissues?
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells lack these and have different tissue types.
What are permanent tissues in plants?
Permanent tissues are mature plant tissues that no longer divide and perform specific functions like support and transport.
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