We use many items in our daily life. From | Class 12 Geography Notes
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 4 min read
We use many items in our daily life. From – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of We use many items in our daily life. From from Class 12 Geography, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.
Transport and Communication
Transport and communication are essential for the movement of goods, people, ideas, and messages from one place to another. In our daily life, we use many items such as toothpaste, tea, milk, clothes, soaps, and food items, all of which are produced at different locations and transported to markets for consumption. Transport refers to the movement of these goods from their place of production to the place of consumption. Communication, on the other hand, involves the exchange of ideas, views, and messages between individuals or places using various means. Both transport and communication are vital for economic development, social integration, and cultural exchange. The choice of transport and communication methods depends on the nature of goods, distance, terrain, and urgency. Human beings have developed various means to move goods and messages efficiently, including land, water, air transport, and communication technologies such as post, telegraph, telephone, radio, television, and internet. The chapter focuses on the different modes of transport and communication in India, their development, and their role in the country's economy and society.
📊 Diagram: The chapter begins with a diagram showing major means of transportation including land, water, and air transport modes. It visually represents how goods and people move via roads, railways, waterways, and airways.
🔗 Connection: This introductory section sets the foundation for detailed study of various transport modes starting with land transport.
Frequently asked questions
1. Choose the right answers of the following from the given options. (i) In how many zones has the Indian Railways system been divided? (a) 9 (b) 12 (c) 17 (d) 14 (ii) On which river and between which two places does the National Water Way No. 1 lie? (a) The Brahmaputra, Sadiya-Dhubri (b) The Ganga, Haldia-Prayagraj (c) West Coast Canal, Kottapuram to Kollam (d) Godavari-Kakinada Puducherry (iii) In which of the following year, the first radio programme was broadcast? (a) 1911 (b) 1936 (c) 1927 (d) 1923
(i) The Indian Railways system has been divided into 17 zones. Hence, option (c) 17 is correct.
(ii) National Water Way No. 1 lies on the river Ganga between Haldia and Prayagraj. Hence, option (b) The Ganga, Haldia-Prayagraj is correct.
(iii) The first radio programme was broadcast in the year 1927. Hence, option (c) 1927 is correct.
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words. (i) Which activity does transportation convey? Name three major modes of transportation. (ii) Discuss advantages and disadvantages of pipeline transportation. (iii) What do you mean by 'communication'?
(i) Transportation conveys the activity of moving people, goods, and services from one place to another. The three major modes of transportation are roadways, railways, and waterways.
(ii) Advantages of pipeline transportation include continuous and safe transport of liquids and gases, low operating costs, and less environmental pollution. Disadvantages include high initial investment, limited to specific goods, and vulnerability to damage.
(iii) Communication is the process of exchanging info
3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words. (i) Which are the chief means of transportation in India? Discuss the factors affecting their development. (ii) Give a detailed account of the development of railways in India and highlight their importance. (iii) Describe the role of roads in the economic development of India.
(i) The chief means of transportation in India are roadways, railways, waterways, and airways. Factors affecting their development include the country's vast size, diverse terrain, economic growth, government policies, technological advancements, and population density.
(ii) The development of railways in India began in 1853 with the first train running between Bombay and Thane. Railways expanded rapidly during British rule, connecting major cities and facilitating trade and mobility. Today, In
Project: Find out the facilities that Indian Railways provide to the passengers.
Indian Railways provides various facilities to passengers including reservation counters, online ticketing, waiting rooms, retiring rooms, catering services, clean drinking water, restrooms, security arrangements, disabled-friendly facilities, and information desks. They also offer different classes of travel to suit various budgets and needs, onboard entertainment in some trains, and parcel services.
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- computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database | Class 12 Geography Notes
Clear NCERT-aligned notes on computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database for Class 12 Geography.
- computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database | Class 12 Geography Notes
Clear NCERT-aligned notes on computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database for Class 12 Geography.
- computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database | Class 12 Geography Notes
Clear NCERT-aligned notes on computer hardware and the application software are referred as the Database for Class 12 Geography.