The World of Metals | Class 7 Science Notes
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read
The World of Metals – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of The World of Metals from Class 7 Science, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.
The World of Metals and Non-metals
This introductory section sets the stage for understanding metals and non-metals by narrating a real-life scenario involving two students, Yashwant and Anandi, from a village in Rajasthan. They are assigned a project to learn about craftspersons working with metals, specifically ironsmiths. Accompanied by their grandfather, they visit Sudarshan uncle, an experienced ironsmith, who shows them various metal items made in his workshop, such as flat pans (tawas), buckets (baltis), tongs (chimtas), and farming tools like spades (phawras), axes (kulhadis), trowels (khurpis), and rakes (jelees). Sudarshan explains that these items are primarily made from iron, with wooden handles where necessary, and coal is used as fuel in the furnace to heat the iron. The process of heating iron until it becomes red hot and then beating it with a hammer to shape it introduces the concept of metal malleability. Anandi's curiosity about whether other metals can also be shaped similarly invites the exploration of the properties of metals. This section highlights the practical and cultural importance of metals in daily life and traditional crafts, providing a human context to scientific concepts. It also introduces the idea that metals have distinct properties that allow them to be shaped and used in various applications.
📊 Diagram: Figure 4.1 shows Yashwant and Anandi visiting the ironsmith's workshop accompanied by their grandfather. Images depict the ironsmith heating a block of iron in a furnace and hammering it to shape an axe.
🔗 Connection: This section leads to the detailed study of the properties of materials, especially metals, starting with malleability and other physical properties.
Frequently asked questions
1. Which metal is commonly used to make food packaging materials as it is cheaper, and its thin sheets can be folded easily into any shape? (i) Aluminium (ii) Copper (iii) Iron (iv) Gold
The correct answer is (i) Aluminium. Aluminium is commonly used for food packaging because it is cheap, lightweight, and its thin sheets can be easily folded into various shapes without breaking.
2. Which of the following metal catches fire when it comes in contact with water? (i) Copper (ii) Aluminium (iii) Zinc (iv) Sodium
The correct answer is (iv) Sodium. Sodium is a highly reactive metal that catches fire when it comes in contact with water due to its vigorous reaction producing sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, which ignites.
3. State with reason(s) whether the following statements are True [T] or False [F]. (i) Aluminium and copper are examples of non-metals used for making utensils and statues. [ ] (ii) Metals form oxides when combined with oxygen, the solution of which turns blue litmus paper to red. [ ] (iii) Oxygen is a non-metal essential for respiration. [ ] (iv) Copper vessels are used for boiling water because they are good conductors of electricity. [ ]
(i) False. Aluminium and copper are metals, not non-metals, and are used for making utensils and statues. (ii) False. Metals form basic oxides; their solutions turn red litmus blue, not blue litmus red. (iii) True. Oxygen is a non-metal essential for respiration. (iv) False. Copper vessels are used because copper is a good conductor of heat, not electricity.
4. Why are only a few metals suitable for making jewellery?
Only a few metals are suitable for making jewellery because they have properties like lustre, malleability, ductility, resistance to corrosion, and are non-toxic. Metals like gold, silver, and platinum possess these qualities, making them ideal for jewellery.
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