PsychologyClass 12Psychological Disorders

Psychological Disorders | Class 12 Psychology Notes

By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read

Psychological Disorders – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of Psychological Disorders from Class 12 Psychology, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders

This section elaborates on Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders. Somatic symptom disorders involve persistent physical symptoms without identifiable medical causes, causing distress and impairment. Somatic Symptom Disorder features excessive worry about symptoms, frequent doctor visits, and significant life disruption. Illness Anxiety Disorder involves preoccupation with having or developing a serious illness despite medical reassurance. Conversion Disorder presents with sudden loss or impairment of motor or sensory functions (e.g., paralysis, blindness) often following stress. Dissociative Disorders involve disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. Dissociative Amnesia is characterized by selective memory loss related to stressful events, sometimes including dissociative fugue where individuals travel away and assume new identities. Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personality disorder) involves two or more distinct personalities, often linked to childhood trauma. Depersonalisation/Derealisation Disorder involves feelings of unreality or detachment from self or surroundings. Table 4.2 summarizes salient features of these disorders.

📊 Diagram: Table on page 11 (4×2): Salient Features of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders

🔗 Connection: Prepares for Depressive Disorders, Bipolar Disorders, and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.

Table on page 11 (4×2)

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders	Dissociative Disorders
Somatic Symptom Disorder : The person experiences body-related symptoms in the absence of any medical condition (or even if medical condition is present, it is not as serious as the symptoms presented).	Dissociative amnesia : The person is unable to recall important, personal information often related to a stressful and traumatic report. The extent of forgetting is beyond normal.
Illness Anxiety Disorder : The person experiences worry about the possibility of developing a serious medical condition.	Depersonalisation/Derealisation Disorder : The person experiences a change in the person's sense of reality and perception of self.
Conversion : The person suffers from a loss or impairment of motor or sensory function (e.g., paralysis, blindness, etc.) that has no physical cause but may be a response to stress and psychological problems.	Dissociative identity (multiple personality) Disorder : The person exhibits two or more separate and contrasting personalities, generally associated with a history of abuse,

Frequently asked questions

Identify the symptoms associated with depression and mania.

Depression symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, changes in appetite or sleep, and difficulty concentrating. Mania symptoms include elevated mood, increased energy, reduced need for sleep, rapid speech, inflated self-esteem, and impulsive behavior.

Describe the characteristics of children with hyperactivity.

Children with hyperactivity often display excessive movement, difficulty staying seated, impulsiveness, difficulty focusing, and may interrupt others. They may also have trouble completing tasks and show restlessness.

What are the consequences of alcohol substance addiction?

Consequences of alcohol addiction include physical health problems like liver damage, cardiovascular diseases, neurological impairments, social problems such as family conflicts, job loss, legal issues, and psychological problems including depression and anxiety.

Can a distorted body image lead to eating disorders? Classify the various forms of it.

Yes, a distorted body image can lead to eating disorders. Eating disorders are characterized by abnormal eating habits and preoccupation with body weight or shape. The main types include Anorexia Nervosa (self-starvation and excessive weight loss), Bulimia Nervosa (binge eating followed by purging), and Binge Eating Disorder (recurrent episodes of eating large quantities without purging).

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