MICROORGANISMS : FRIEND AND FOE | Class 8 Science Notes

Where do Microorganisms Live?

Microorganisms are found in almost every habitat on Earth. They live in soil, water, air, inside plants, animals, and humans. Some microorganisms can survive in extreme environments such as hot springs, deep ocean vents, and polar ice. Their ability to adapt to various conditions makes them ubiquitous. For example, bacteria are present in the soil where they help in decomposing organic matter. Algae grow in water bodies and perform photosynthesis. Some microorganisms live inside the human body and form part of the normal flora, aiding in digestion and protecting against harmful microbes. This section explains the diverse habitats of microorganisms and their adaptability, highlighting their importance in ecosystems and human health.

📊 Diagram: Illustration showing microorganisms in different habitats: soil with bacteria and fungi, water with algae and protozoa, air with airborne bacteria, and inside the human gut with beneficial bacteria.

🧪 Activity: Collecting soil and water samples to observe microorganisms under a microscope and noting their diversity.

🔗 Connection: Understanding where microorganisms live helps explain their roles in nutrient cycling and human health, which are discussed in later sections.