Emerging Chapter Trends | Class 11 Informatics Practices Notes
By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read
Emerging Chapter Trends – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of Emerging Chapter Trends from Class 11 Informatics Practices, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.
2.2.4 Robotics
Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of technology involving mechanical engineering, electronics, and computer science, focused on the design, fabrication, operation, and application of robots. A robot is a programmable machine capable of performing one or more tasks automatically with high accuracy and precision. Unlike other machines, robots can follow instructions given through computer programs and can be equipped with sensors to perceive their environment. Types of robots include wheeled robots, legged robots, manipulators, and humanoids (robots resembling humans). Robots are widely used in industries for repetitive or labor-intensive tasks, in medical science for surgeries and rehabilitation, in scientific research, military operations, and more. Examples include NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER), the humanoid robot Sophia, and drones used for aerial photography, disaster management, and border patrolling.
📊 Diagram: Figure 2.5 shows NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER). Figure 2.6 depicts Sophia, a humanoid robot. Figure 2.7 illustrates a drone, an unmanned aircraft used in various fields.
🧪 Activity: Activity 2.2: Investigate the role of robots in the medical field.
🔗 Connection: Leads to Big Data section, highlighting the data generated and processed by such intelligent systems.
Frequently asked questions
1. List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.
Cloud-based services commonly used include email services like Gmail, cloud storage services like Google Drive or Dropbox, streaming services like Netflix, online office suites like Microsoft Office 365, and social media platforms like Facebook or Instagram. These services are accessed over the internet and provide storage, computing, or application services without the need for local installation.
2. What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. Potential applications include smart homes (e.g., smart thermostats, lighting), healthcare (remote patient monitoring), smart cities (traffic management, waste management), agriculture (soil sensors, irrigation control), and industrial automation.
3. Write a short note on the following: a) Cloud computing b) Big data and its characteristics
a) Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
b) Big data refers to extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations. Its main characteristics are often described as the 5 Vs: Volume (large amounts of data), Velocity (speed of data in a
4. Explain the following along with their applications. a) Artificial Intelligence b) Machine Learning
a) Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. Applications include speech recognition, natural language processing, robotics, expert systems, and autonomous vehicles.
b) Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI that enables systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Applications include recommendation systems, fraud detection, image and speech recognition, and predictive analytics
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