CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS | Class 8 Science Notes

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called a wildlife sanctuary. (b) Species found only in a particular area is known as endemic species. (c) Migratory birds fly to far away places because of seasonal changes.

(a) Wildlife sanctuary vs Biosphere reserve:

• Wildlife sanctuary is an area where animals are protected in their natural habitat with some restrictions on human activities.
• Biosphere reserve is a larger area that includes protected zones and buffer zones aimed at conserving biodiversity and promoting sustainable development.

(b) Zoo vs Wildlife sanctuary:

• Zoo is a place where animals are kept in captivity for public viewing and education.
• Wildlife sanctuary is a natural habitat where ani

(a) Wild animals: Loss of habitat leads to decline in animal populations and possible extinction. (b) Environment: Reduction in oxygen production, increase in carbon dioxide, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity. (c) Villages (Rural areas): Reduced availability of forest resources like fuel, fodder, and medicinal plants; increased vulnerability to natural disasters. (d) Cities (Urban areas): Increased pollution and heat due to loss of green cover; reduced air quality. (e) Earth: Disturbance in

(a) If we go on cutting trees continuously, it will lead to deforestation causing loss of biodiversity, climate change, soil erosion, and disruption of water cycles. (b) If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, the animal may lose shelter and food sources, leading to migration, population decline, or extinction. (c) If the top layer of soil is exposed, it becomes vulnerable to erosion by wind and water, leading to loss of fertile soil and reduced agricultural productivity.