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GeographyClass 11Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems

Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems | Class 11 Geography Notes

By ConceptScroll Team · Published on 17 July 2026 · 3 min read

Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems | Class 11 Geography Notes

Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems – this guide gives you a concise, exam-ready overview of Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems from Class 11 Geography, written by ConceptScroll editors and reviewed against the latest NCERT textbook.

Precipitation

Precipitation is the process by which condensed water vapour particles grow in size and fall to the earth's surface due to gravity when air resistance can no longer support them. It releases moisture from the atmosphere in liquid or solid form.

Types of precipitation include:

  • Rainfall: Liquid water droplets falling when temperature is above freezing.
  • Snowfall: Fine flakes of snow formed when temperature is below 0°C, consisting of hexagonal ice crystals.
  • Sleet: Frozen raindrops or refrozen melted snow-water, occurring when warm air overlies a subfreezing layer near the ground.
  • Hail: Small rounded solid ice pieces formed by rainwater passing through cold layers, accumulating concentric ice layers.

Precipitation depends on condensation processes in clouds and atmospheric conditions such as temperature and humidity.

📊 Diagram: None in this section.

🧪 Activity: None in this section.

🔗 Connection: Leads to the classification of rainfall types based on their origin.

Frequently asked questions

Along 30° N and 30° S are found the high-pressure areas known as:

Subtropical highs

The atmospheric pressure is expressed in units of…………

Milibars

1. Multiple choice questions. (i) Which one of the following is the most important constituent of the atmosphere for human beings? (a) Water vapour (c) Dust particle (b) Nitrogen (d) Oxygen (ii) Which one of the following process is responsible for transforming liquid into vapour? (a) Condensation (c) Evaporation (b) Transpiration (d) Precipitation (iii) The air that contains moisture to its full capacity : (a) Relative humidity (c) Absolute humidity (b) Specific humidity (d) Saturated air (iv) Which one of the following is the highest cloud in the sky? (a) Cirrus (c) Nimbus (b) Stratus (d) Cumulus

1.(i) The most important constituent of the atmosphere for human beings is Oxygen (d). Oxygen is essential for respiration and survival.

(ii) The process responsible for transforming liquid into vapour is Evaporation (c). Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to gas.

(iii) The air that contains moisture to its full capacity is Saturated air (d). Saturated air holds the maximum amount of water vapour possible at a given temperature.

(iv) The highest cloud in the sky is Cirrus (a). Cir

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words. (i) Name the three types of precipitation. (ii) Explain relative humidity. (iii) Why does the amount of water vapour decreases rapidly with altitude? (iv) How are clouds formed? Classify them.

(i) The three types of precipitation are: Rain, Snow, and Hail.

(ii) Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapour present in the air to the maximum amount it can hold at that temperature, expressed as a percentage.

(iii) The amount of water vapour decreases rapidly with altitude because temperature decreases with height, reducing the air's capacity to hold moisture.

(iv) Clouds are formed when moist air rises, cools, and condenses into tiny water droplets or ice crystals. Clou

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