Question 1

I You will listen to a conversation between a son and his mother. As you listen, select four true statements from 1–7 given below.

Accepted Answer

The four true statements are: 1) Chipko Movement was about hugging trees to prevent them from being cut. 2) The Appiko Movement was inspired by the Chipko Movement. 3) Saalumarada Thimakka has planted over 8000 trees around her village. 4) Jadav Payeng turned a barren land into a lush green forest by planting nearly forty million trees. Statements 5, 6, and 7 are false as the Chipko Movement was a people's movement, the Appiko Movement also involved tree hugging, and Jadav Payeng is from Assam, not Kerala. — From the conversation, it is clear that the Chipko Movement involved hugging trees to save them. The Appiko Movement was inspired by Chipko and also involved hugging trees and forest regeneration. Saalumarada Thimakka has planted over 8000 trees since 1948. Jadav Payeng from Assam planted nearly forty million trees transforming barren land into forest. The other statements contradict the conversation.

Question 2

I Listen to this talk about paddy cultivation. As you listen, number the events in the correct order in which they happen.

Accepted Answer

The correct order of events in paddy cultivation is: 1) Preparing the land by ploughing. 2) Soaking the soil with plenty of water (puddling). 3) Preparing the nursery bed. 4) Sowing the seeds on the soil’s surface. 5) Ensuring fields stay flooded with water (irrigation). 6) Seeds grow into seedlings in 4 to 5 weeks. 7) Transplanting seedlings into flooded fields. 8) Rice plants grow fully in about 120 days. 9) Harvesting by cutting the crops. 10) Threshing to separate seeds from the plant. 11) Drying the grains to reduce moisture. 12) Milling to separate rice from outer covering. 13) Rice reaches the market for consumption. — The talk describes the process step-by-step starting from land preparation, puddling, nursery bed preparation, sowing, irrigation, seedling growth, transplanting, full growth, harvesting, threshing, drying, milling, and finally marketing. Numbering these events in this sequence reflects the correct order of paddy cultivation.

Question 3

II Now listen to the talk again. As you listen, choose the correct option to answer the questions that follow.

Accepted Answer

All the options A, B, C, and D are correct as per the talk. Rice is a type of grass, the edible part is its seed, puddling is soaking the soil with water, and transplanting is moving seedlings from nursery beds to flooded fields. — The talk clearly states that rice is a type of grass, the part eaten is the seed, puddling is soaking the soil, and transplanting is moving seedlings to flooded fields. These are key points from the talk.

Question 4

I Listen to the weather forecast. As you listen, fill in the blanks with the exact word you listen to.

Delhi is expected to have a generally ______ sky with ______ rain. The temperature will range between a minimum of 25 °C and a maximum of 36 °C.

The sky will generally be ______ with ______ rain in Mumbai. The minimum temperature is 24 °C and the maximum will be around 30 °C.

Moving eastwards, Kolkata will have a ______ sky with one or two spells of rain or thundershowers. The minimum temperature will be 28 °C and the maximum will be around 34 °C.

Chennai is expected to have a ______ sky with a possibility of thunderstorm. The minimum temperature will be 27 °C and the maximum will be around 36 °C.

Bengaluru will have a generally ______ sky with ______ rain. The minimum temperature will be 21 °C and will rise to a maximum of around 29 °C.

Hyderabad is expected to have a generally ______ sky with ______ rain or drizzle. Temperature will be between a minimum of 23 °C and a maximum of 33 °C.

Accepted Answer

Delhi: generally cloudy sky with light rain.
Mumbai: generally cloudy sky with moderate rain.
Kolkata: partly cloudy sky.
Chennai: partly cloudy sky.
Bengaluru: generally cloudy sky with light rain.
Hyderabad: generally cloudy sky with light rain or drizzle. — The weather forecast states the exact words for each city’s sky condition and rain type. Filling the blanks with these exact words completes the forecast accurately.

Question 5

What is the environment?

Accepted Answer

The surroundings in which living beings live and interact — The environment is defined as the surroundings in which living beings live and interact. It includes both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components that affect each other.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a component of the environment?

Accepted Answer

Television — Air, soil, and plants are components of the environment. Television is a man-made object and not a natural component of the environment.

Question 7

Identify the biotic components from the following options.

Accepted Answer

Plants, animals, microorganisms — Biotic components are living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. Abiotic components are non-living elements like air, water, soil, sunlight, temperature, and minerals.

Question 8

Which of the following is an abiotic component?

Accepted Answer

Soil — Abiotic components are non-living elements such as soil, air, water, sunlight, temperature, and minerals. Animals, plants, and microorganisms are biotic components.

Question 9

How do abiotic factors affect biotic components in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Abiotic factors such as sunlight, water, and soil nutrients affect the survival of biotic components. For example, plants need sunlight and water to grow, and animals depend on plants for food and shelter. — Abiotic factors provide essential resources and conditions for living organisms. Changes in abiotic factors like temperature or water availability can influence the distribution and health of biotic components.

Question 10

Explain the interdependence of living beings and their environment.

Accepted Answer

Living beings depend on their environment for air, water, food, and shelter. The environment provides these resources, and in return, living beings affect the environment through their activities. For example, plants produce oxygen needed by animals, and animals help in pollination of plants. — Interdependence means living organisms rely on their surroundings for survival, and their actions also influence the environment. This balance maintains the ecosystem's health.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the importance of forests in the environment?

Accepted Answer

Forests help maintain oxygen levels and regulate climate — Forests play a crucial role in producing oxygen through photosynthesis and help regulate the Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide.

Question 12

Why is biodiversity important for ecological stability?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity ensures a variety of species exist in an ecosystem, which helps maintain ecological balance. Different species perform different roles, such as pollination, decomposition, and food supply, supporting the ecosystem's health and resilience. — High biodiversity means ecosystems can better withstand changes and support life. Loss of species can disrupt food chains and ecological processes.

Question 13

Which of the following gases is a major cause of air pollution due to human activities?

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide — Carbon monoxide is a harmful gas released from burning fossil fuels, vehicle emissions, and industrial smoke, contributing significantly to air pollution.

Question 14

What are the main causes of water pollution mentioned in the chapter?

Accepted Answer

Water pollution is mainly caused by dumping industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals into water bodies. These pollutants contaminate water, making it unsafe for drinking and harming aquatic life. — Industrial effluents and untreated sewage introduce harmful substances into rivers and lakes, disrupting ecosystems and posing health risks.

Question 15

Explain the effects of deforestation on the environment.

Accepted Answer

Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity as many plants and animals lose their habitats. It also contributes to climate change by reducing oxygen production and increasing carbon dioxide levels. Soil erosion and disruption of the water cycle are other effects. — Cutting down forests harms ecosystems, reduces oxygen supply, and affects climate regulation. It also causes soil to wash away, affecting agriculture.

ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENT — Study Notes

Introduction

Components of Environment

Importance of Environment

Practice Questions — ENVIRONMENT

All 5 Chapters in Poorvi